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$The fluid from the hydraulic fracturing process is nearly 99.5% water and sand. To create productive natural gas wells, companies force fluid thousands of feet below the surface at high pressure to crack shale rock and release trapped natural gas. This ex$

The fluid from the hydraulic fracturing process is nearly 99.5% water and sand. To create productive natural gas wells, companies force fluid thousands of feet below the surface at high pressure to crack shale rock and release trapped natural gas. This extraction technique is called hydraulic fracturing. The fluid used in the process is made up almost entirely of water and sand. However, it also includes a very small percentage of chemical additives that help make the process work.

$Tractor-trailer rigs hauling frac sand are photographed near Midland TX en route to a drilling rig. As many as 40 loads of frac sand are needed to frac each stage of a horizontally drilled well. A well may have 12 to 16 stages. The demand for frac sand ha$